[颈动脉与冠状动脉粥样硬化之间的关联。通过超声多普勒对颈动脉进行评估]

[Association between carotid and coronary atherosclerosis. Evaluation of carotid arteries by echography with Doppler].

作者信息

Weitzel L H, Weitzel E L, Azevedo A de C

机构信息

Cardiolab-Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro.

出版信息

Arq Bras Cardiol. 1993 Apr;60(4):235-41.

PMID:8311731

Abstract

PURPOSE

To evaluate the association between carotid and coronary atherosclerosis and other conditions related to the prevalence of carotid disease.

METHODS

Duplex scanning of carotid arteries was performed in 130 patients (70 males and 60 females), with ages between 26 and 89 years-old. Accordingly to the presence of ischemic heart disease, they were divided in 3 groups: I) with proved ischemic heart disease; II) with low probability of disease and III) with high probability of disease. The carotid atherosclerosis was classified as absent (normal result), mild (obstruction below 30%), moderate (30-49%), moderate/severe (50-74%), severe (> 75%), and total occlusion (abnormal results) by Doppler criteria.

RESULTS

Normal carotids were found in 44 (33.9%), mild atherosclerosis in 68 (52.3%), moderate in 7 (5.4%), moderate/severe in 5 (3.8%), severe in 5 (3.8%) and total occlusion in 1 (0.8%) of the 130 patients. The prevalence of the disease increased with age (31.2% in patients until 54 years-old, 66.3% in those with age between 55 and 76 years-old, and 88% in those with 77 years-old or more), and it was higher in males than females (75.7% x 55%). All the differences were of statistical significance. In the 48 patients of group I, 41 (85.4%) had abnormal carotids (26 mild, 6 moderate, 3 moderate/severe, 5 severe, and 1 total), whereas in the 64 patients of group II, 27 (42.2%) were abnormals (24 mild, 1 moderate, and 2 moderate/severe), significant difference with p < 0.001. This significant difference persisted when the groups II and III were joined, and 45 (54.9%) of 82 patients had abnormal carotids. All the patients with severe obstruction of carotid arteries (6 patients) had severe coronary obstruction.

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis was high, in 66.2% of the patients. It increased with age, and it was higher in males than females. There was statistically significant association between carotid and coronary atherosclerosis, and the presence of severe carotid obstruction was related to presence of severe coronary obstruction.

摘要

目的

评估颈动脉和冠状动脉粥样硬化与其他与颈动脉疾病患病率相关的情况之间的关联。

方法

对130例年龄在26至89岁之间的患者（70例男性和60例女性）进行颈动脉双功扫描。根据是否存在缺血性心脏病，将他们分为3组：I）确诊为缺血性心脏病；II）疾病可能性低；III）疾病可能性高。根据多普勒标准，将颈动脉粥样硬化分为无（正常结果）、轻度（阻塞低于30%）、中度（30 - 49%）、中度/重度（50 - 74%）、重度（> 75%）和完全闭塞（异常结果）。

结果

在130例患者中，44例（33.9%）颈动脉正常，68例（52.3%）为轻度粥样硬化，7例（5.4%）为中度，5例（3.8%）为中度/重度，5例（3.8%）为重度，1例（0.8%）为完全闭塞。疾病患病率随年龄增加（54岁及以下患者中为31.2%，55至76岁患者中为66.3%，77岁及以上患者中为88%），男性高于女性（75.7%对55%）。所有差异均具有统计学意义。在I组的48例患者中，41例（85.4%）颈动脉异常（26例轻度、6例中度、3例中度/重度、5例重度和1例完全闭塞），而在II组的64例患者中，27例（42.2%）异常（24例轻度、1例中度和2例中度/重度），p < 0.001，差异有统计学意义。当II组和III组合并时，这种显著差异仍然存在，82例患者中有45例（54.9%）颈动脉异常。所有颈动脉严重阻塞的患者（6例）均有冠状动脉严重阻塞。