Fotheringham J B, Abdo K, Ouellette-Kuntz H, Wolfgarth A
Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario.
Can J Psychiatry. 1993 Dec;38(10):641-8. doi: 10.1177/070674379303801004.
A survey was conducted of the community adjustment of 108 developmentally disabled (mentally retarded) persons who had spent at least three years in an institution in southeastern Ontario. On average, they had resided 3.5 years in the community, were 40 years of age, with a mental age of five years and a median IQ of 41, and most had one or more moderate to severe physical disabilities. During their most recent year living in the community it was found that their daily living skills remained unchanged compared with their skill level in the year prior to community placement. As well, the community staff rated them as average in level of performance and amount of supervision required compared with others of similar ability. About one third were found to have a moderate to severe behavioural/psychiatric problem with aggressive disruptive behaviour being most frequent. Of the two-thirds capable of being interviewed, over three-quarters expressed satisfaction with their present living, work, education and recreation environment and had no desire to return to the institution. Most had few if any meaningful relationships with non developmentally disabled persons other than caregivers. Support agency staff and psychiatric consultants identified additional service needs for those with behavioural/psychiatric problems who may be placed in the community.
对安大略省东南部一家机构中度过至少三年的108名发育障碍（智力迟钝）患者的社区适应情况进行了一项调查。他们平均在社区居住了3.5年，年龄为40岁，心理年龄为5岁，智商中位数为41，且大多数人有一项或多项中度至重度身体残疾。在他们社区生活的最近一年里，发现他们的日常生活技能与社区安置前一年的技能水平相比没有变化。此外，与其他能力相似的人相比，社区工作人员将他们的表现水平和所需监督量评为中等。约三分之一的人被发现有中度至重度行为/精神问题，其中攻击性行为最为常见。在三分之二能够接受访谈的人中，超过四分之三的人对他们目前的生活、工作、教育和娱乐环境表示满意，并且不想回到机构。除了照顾者之外，大多数人与非发育障碍者几乎没有有意义的关系。支持机构工作人员和精神科顾问为那些可能被安置在社区的有行为/精神问题的人确定了额外的服务需求。
