Esteban R
Liver Unit, Hospital General Valle de Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
Gut. 1993;34(2 Suppl):S77-80. doi: 10.1136/gut.34.2_suppl.s77.
Acute hepatitis B is a self limiting disease that resolves spontaneously in 95% of patients who acquire the infection in adulthood. Patients with acute hepatitis B, however, usually take between four and 12 weeks to recover; the personal, social, and sanitary costs associated with this are high. Also, 5-10% of patients with acute hepatitis B go on to develop chronic liver disease. Hepatitis C, by comparison, is an asymptomatic disease associated with a high progression to the chronic stage. At least 50% of patients with post-transfusion hepatitis C develop chronic liver disease or cirrhosis. While the efficacy of alpha interferon in chronic hepatitis B and C is now well established, only preliminary evidence for use in the acute phase exists. This paper reviews the preliminary evidence and concludes that, given the high risk of progression to the chronic stage, the use of interferon in acute hepatitis C should be recommended.
急性乙型肝炎是一种自限性疾病，在成年期感染该病毒的患者中，95%可自发痊愈。然而，急性乙型肝炎患者通常需要4至12周才能康复，与之相关的个人、社会和卫生成本高昂。此外，5%至10%的急性乙型肝炎患者会发展为慢性肝病。相比之下，丙型肝炎是一种无症状疾病，发展为慢性阶段的可能性很高。至少50%的输血后丙型肝炎患者会发展为慢性肝病或肝硬化。虽然α干扰素在慢性乙型和丙型肝炎中的疗效现已得到充分证实，但在急性期使用的证据仍属初步。本文回顾了初步证据，并得出结论，鉴于发展为慢性阶段的高风险，建议在急性丙型肝炎中使用干扰素。
