Malarkey W B, Hall J C, Rice R R, O'Toole M L, Douglas P S, Demers L M, Glaser R
Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University.
J Gerontol. 1993 Jul;48(4):M134-9. doi: 10.1093/geronj/48.4.m134.
Aging produces significant changes in the human endocrine system. This study was designed to determine if elderly and younger individuals differ in various endocrine measures before and after ultraendurance stress.
Sixteen young and 19 older subjects competing in a world championship triathlon had blood samples acquired for 13 hormones before, immediately after the event, and 18 hours into recovery.
Following the triathlon, almost every hormone level increased. Significantly higher basal circulating levels of dihydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were found in 20-year-old individuals, whereas higher levels of norepinephrine (NEPI) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were found in the 50- to 74-year-old group. Older subjects had lower postexercise levels of EPI, DHEA-S, GH, and PRL and higher postexercise levels of estradiol than younger individuals. Similarity in pre- and postrace weights as well as Hgb and Hct levels suggested that dehydration, while present, did not significantly contribute to the endocrine changes.
Ultraendurance stress produced dramatic increases in all but one of the hormones evaluated. Whether frequent exercise can alter the endocrine changes that occur with aging cannot be answered by this study. It is clear, however, that when comparisons are made with young active individuals, frequent exercise does not eliminate the differences in basal concentrations of TSH, DHEA-S, SHBG, and NEPI or exercise-induced release of estradiol, GH, and PRL that occur with aging.
衰老会使人体内分泌系统发生显著变化。本研究旨在确定老年人和年轻人在超耐力应激前后的各种内分泌指标是否存在差异。
16名年轻受试者和19名老年受试者参加了世界锦标赛铁人三项赛，在比赛前、比赛结束后即刻以及恢复18小时后采集血样检测13种激素。
铁人三项赛后，几乎每种激素水平都有所升高。20岁个体的硫酸脱氢表雄酮（DHEA-S）和促甲状腺激素（TSH）基础循环水平显著更高，而50至74岁组的去甲肾上腺素（NEPI）和性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）水平更高。与年轻个体相比，老年受试者运动后的肾上腺素（EPI）、DHEA-S、生长激素（GH）和催乳素（PRL）水平较低，而雌二醇运动后水平较高。赛前和赛后体重以及血红蛋白（Hgb）和血细胞比容（Hct）水平相似，表明脱水虽存在，但对内分泌变化的影响不显著。
除一种评估激素外，超耐力应激使所有评估激素水平急剧升高。本研究无法回答频繁运动是否会改变衰老过程中发生的内分泌变化。然而，很明显，与年轻活跃个体相比，频繁运动并不能消除衰老过程中TSH、DHEA-S、SHBG和NEPI基础浓度的差异，也不能消除运动诱导的雌二醇、GH和PRL释放的差异。
