Krauth J, Blaeser S J
Institute of Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany.
Integr Physiol Behav Sci. 1993 Apr-Jun;28(2):186-90. doi: 10.1007/BF02691226.
Freedman (1990) introduced a computer analog of the shuttlebox paradigm and presented results to show that this analog could be used for studying human avoidance conditioning. In the present study, a first experimental phase was conducted to test how the fact that the tone was considered aversive in the instructions and the intensity of this tone affect avoidance behavior. In a transfer-of-control test phase, it was tested as to whether the warning stimulus presented as a cue to the aversive stimulus had acquired either aversive or informative quality. An effect of instructions was observed for both levels of the auditive stimulus, and a stimulus effect was found for those groups that were given the instructions that described the tone as aversive. In the case of subjects who in the first phase achieved a certain learning criterion, it was recorded how often they in the second phase selected a condition in which the warning signal of the first phase was not presented. No transfer of control was observed. Thus, no positive evidence was found indicating that Freedman's computer analog could be used for studying human avoidance conditioning.
弗里德曼（1990年）引入了穿梭箱范式的计算机模拟，并展示了结果，表明这种模拟可用于研究人类回避条件作用。在本研究中，进行了第一个实验阶段，以测试在指导语中音调被视为厌恶刺激这一事实以及该音调的强度如何影响回避行为。在控制转移测试阶段，测试作为厌恶刺激提示呈现的警告刺激是否获得了厌恶或信息性特征。对于两种水平的听觉刺激都观察到了指导语的效应，并且对于那些被给予将音调描述为厌恶刺激的指导语的组发现了刺激效应。对于在第一阶段达到一定学习标准的受试者，记录了他们在第二阶段选择不呈现第一阶段警告信号的条件的频率。未观察到控制转移。因此，没有发现积极证据表明弗里德曼的计算机模拟可用于研究人类回避条件作用。
