Yess N J, Gunderson E L, Roy R R
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Plant and Dairy Foods and Beverages, Washington, DC 20204.
J AOAC Int. 1993 May-Jun;76(3):492-507.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration uses 3 approaches to monitor pesticide residues in foods: regulatory monitoring, incidence/level monitoring, and the Total Diet Study. The results of monitoring infant foods and adult foods that may be eaten by infants/children under these 3 approaches are presented. Under regulatory monitoring, which is performed to enforce tolerances set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), during fiscal years 1985-1991, over 10,000 such domestic and imported food samples were collected and analyzed, and under the Total Diet Study, in which pesticide residue intakes are estimated in foods prepared for consumption, the food items in 27 market baskets were analyzed. Under incidence/level monitoring, which is complementary to regulatory monitoring, over 4000 analyses were performed on infant foods and adult foods eaten by children. Fewer than 50 of the 10,000 regulatory samples had violative residues; nearly all of those were residues for which there was no tolerance for the particular commodity/pesticide combination. Under incidence/level monitoring and the Total Diet Study, the levels of pesticide residues found in infant foods and adult foods eaten by children were well below tolerances set by EPA.
监管监测、发生率/水平监测和总膳食研究。本文展示了在这三种方法下对婴儿食品以及婴儿/儿童可能食用的成人食品进行监测的结果。监管监测是为了执行美国环境保护局（EPA）设定的容忍度而开展的，在1985 - 1991财政年度期间，共收集并分析了一万多份此类国产和进口食品样本；在总膳食研究中，会对准备食用的食品中的农药残留摄入量进行估算，分析了27个市场篮子中的食品项目。发生率/水平监测是对监管监测的补充，针对婴儿食品和儿童食用的成人食品进行了4000多次分析。在一万份监管样本中，违规残留样本少于50份；几乎所有这些都是针对特定商品/农药组合没有容忍度的残留。在发生率/水平监测和总膳食研究中，儿童食用的婴儿食品和成人食品中发现的农药残留水平远低于EPA设定的容忍度。
