Little R E, Weinberg C R
Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Jun 1;137(11):1177-89. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116620.
Data from married women who participated in the 1980 National Natality Survey and the National Fetal Mortality Survey were used for a case-control study of antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth. Risk factors were identified by comparing antepartum deaths and intrapartum deaths to livebirths in separate logistic regression analyses. Risk of antepartum death was increased among black mothers, those having their first delivery, those aged 35 years or more, and those with less education. Smoking cigarettes was associated with increased risk. For intrapartum deaths, total abstention from alcohol during pregnancy was associated with increased risk in the best-fitting logistic model, as was first delivery. Body mass index was logit-linear in both models, with lower body mass index associated with lower risk. While some of these factors have already been associated with stillbirth, others have not; the new associations may reflect the continuum of loss over the gestational period, bias in the study, or clues to mechanisms by which the risk of death, before or during parturition, is increased.
来自参与1980年全国出生情况调查和全国胎儿死亡情况调查的已婚妇女的数据，被用于一项关于产前和产时死产的病例对照研究。通过在单独的逻辑回归分析中将产前死亡和产时死亡与活产进行比较，确定了风险因素。黑人母亲、初产妇、35岁及以上的妇女以及受教育程度较低的妇女，产前死亡风险增加。吸烟与风险增加有关。对于产时死亡，在最佳拟合逻辑模型中，孕期完全戒酒与风险增加有关，初产也是如此。在两个模型中，体重指数呈对数线性关系，较低的体重指数与较低的风险相关。虽然其中一些因素已经与死产有关，但其他因素并非如此；新的关联可能反映了整个妊娠期死亡情况的连续性、研究中的偏差，或者分娩前或分娩期间死亡风险增加的机制线索。
