Ernst K D, Boeckh J, Boeckh V
Cell Tissue Res. 1977 Jan 20;176(3):285-306. doi: 10.1007/BF00221789.
Receptor cell axons from the antennal flagellum terminate in the glomeruli of the ipsilateral deutocerebrum in Periplaneta americana and Locusta migratoria. Processes from several groups of deutocerebral neurons also enter the glomeruli and terminate in characteristic branching patterns. There, they contact the antennal axons. Connections are both convergent and divergent. Not only do single central neurons collect the inputs from many receptor cells, but receptor axons were often observed to branch and terminate at more than one deutocerebral neuron. The axons from a portion of the neurons go to form the deutocerebral bundle of the tractus olfactorio-globularis. These axons of the bundle terminate in the ipsilateral calyx of the corpus pedunculatum and in the lateral lobus protocerebri. The processes of the majority of the deutocerebral neurons stay within the deutocerebrum itself and may serve as local interneurons. Part of some antennal fibers terminate in the lobus dorsalis. The lobus glomeratus receives inputs from the maxillary palps and also from processess of deutocerebral neurons. Electron microscopy of synaptic connections and anatomical experiments reveal a complicated pattern of connections between receptor axons and higher order neurons as well as between higher order neurons themselves within the glomeruli. The ratio of the number of antennal fibers to that of relay fibers could easily lead to the interpretation, that the deutocerebrum merely serves as a device for reducing the number of transmission channels. However, coupled with physiological data, anatomical details such as con- and divergence of input and interconnections between input channels suggest rather a filtering system and a highly complicated integrative network.
在美洲大蠊和飞蝗中，来自触角鞭节的感受器细胞轴突终止于同侧中脑的神经小球。几组中脑神经细胞的突起也进入神经小球，并以特征性的分支模式终止。在那里，它们与触角轴突相接触。连接既有会聚的也有发散的。不仅单个中枢神经元收集来自许多感受器细胞的输入，而且经常观察到感受器轴突会分支并终止于不止一个中脑神经细胞。一部分神经元的轴突去形成嗅球束的中脑束。该束的这些轴突终止于同侧的蕈形体冠和原脑的外侧叶。大多数中脑神经细胞的突起停留在中脑本身内，并可能充当局部中间神经元。一些触角纤维的一部分终止于背叶。小球叶接收来自下颚须的输入以及中脑神经细胞的突起的输入。突触连接的电子显微镜观察和解剖学实验揭示了感受器轴突与高阶神经元之间以及神经小球内高阶神经元自身之间的复杂连接模式。触角纤维数量与中继纤维数量的比例很容易让人认为，中脑仅仅是一个用于减少传输通道数量的装置。然而，结合生理学数据，诸如输入的会聚和发散以及输入通道之间的互连等解剖学细节表明，它更像是一个过滤系统和一个高度复杂的整合网络。
