Faye O, Fontenille D, Hervé J P, Diack P A, Diallo S, Mouchet J
Département de Biologie animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université C.A.D. Dakar, Sénégal.
Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1993 Mar;73(1):21-30.
An 18 months longitudinal survey on the entomological aspects of the transmission of malaria has been carried out in a village practising rice field irrigation and in another village with traditional rain water agriculture. Both are located in the Sahelian area of the Senegal river central valley, in Senegal. The study is based on mosquito samples caught on human baits. The vectors A. arabiensis and A. gambiae could be found all year long in the village with rice field irrigation, but only during the rainy season in the other village distant from the rice field area. The average aggressive density decreases with the remoteness from the rice field area. From 16 bites/man/night (BMN) in the rice field area, it decreases to 7 BMN at 500 m and to 1 BMN at 5 km distance. The malaria transmission rate is weak and was not perceptible in the villages located far away from the rice field area. In the village close to the irrigated rice field, only one infected A. gambiae s.l. has been caught during the period of study. Physiological age is higher in the rice field area, but the anthropophilic index is lower. The different parameters involved in malaria transmission show important seasonal and yearly variations. Irrigation has, on the whole, increased mosquito population densities and particularly that of A. gambiae s.l., but malaria transmission does not seem to be influenced by this increase.
在一个实行稻田灌溉的村庄和另一个采用传统雨水农业的村庄，开展了一项为期18个月的疟疾传播昆虫学方面的纵向调查。两个村庄都位于塞内加尔中部河谷塞内加尔河的萨赫勒地区。该研究基于在人体诱捕的蚊子样本。在有稻田灌溉的村庄全年都能发现阿拉伯按蚊和冈比亚按蚊这两种媒介，但在远离稻田区域的另一个村庄，只在雨季能发现。平均攻击密度随着与稻田区域距离的增加而降低。从稻田区域的16次叮咬/人/夜（BMN），在距离稻田500米处降至7 BMN，在5公里处降至1 BMN。疟疾传播率很低，在远离稻田区域的村庄中无法察觉。在靠近灌溉稻田的村庄，在研究期间只捕获到一只感染的冈比亚按蚊复合种。稻田区域蚊子的生理年龄较高，但嗜人指数较低。疟疾传播所涉及的不同参数呈现出重要的季节性和年度变化。总体而言，灌溉增加了蚊子种群密度，尤其是冈比亚按蚊复合种的密度，但疟疾传播似乎并未受到这种增加的影响。
