Faye O, Gaye O, Fontenille D, Sy N, Konate L, Hebrard G, Herve J P, Trouillet J, Diallo S, Mouchet J
Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar-Sénégal.
Dakar Med. 1995;40(2):201-7.
From September 1992 to October 1993 a longitudinal entomological study was carried out in two villages located in different ecological conditions of Senegal, a sahelian area and a sudan-type savanna. Mosquitoes were sampled by night-bites catches and by daytime pyrethrum spray collections. In both villages Anopheles gambiae s.l. is the main vector with An. gambiae in the savanna area of Wassadou and An. arabiensis in the sahelian area of Thiaye. Malaria transmission is mainly seasonal with a man biting rate (ma) and an entomological inoculation rate (h) higher in Wassadou than in Thiaye. In this last one (sahelian area), a high variation of An. gambiae s.l. density was observed, females disappear in the dry season. In the rainy season the main biting rate increases but no infected bite was recorded. In Wassadou (sudan-type savanna), a great difference in An. gambiae s.l. specific composition was observed with An. gambiae predominant in the rainy season and An. arabiensis generally more abundant in the dry season. The biting and inoculation rates were minimum during the dry season (ma = 4 bites/man/night; h = 0.07 infected bites/man/night-, they increase during the rainy season (ma: 52 bites/man/night; h = 1.6 infected bites/man/night). An inhabitant of this village gets annually some 63, bites and 220 infected bites of An. gambiae s.l., mainly during the six months of the rainy season and the early dry season.
1992年9月至1993年10月，在塞内加尔两个处于不同生态条件的村庄开展了一项纵向昆虫学研究，一个是萨赫勒地区，另一个是苏丹型稀树草原地区。通过夜间叮咬捕捉和白天除虫菊喷雾采集的方式对蚊子进行采样。在两个村庄，冈比亚按蚊复合组都是主要病媒，在瓦萨杜稀树草原地区是冈比亚按蚊，在蒂阿耶萨赫勒地区是阿拉伯按蚊。疟疾传播主要具有季节性，瓦萨杜的人叮咬率（ma）和昆虫接种率（h）高于蒂阿耶。在后者（萨赫勒地区），观察到冈比亚按蚊复合组密度变化很大，雌蚊在旱季消失。雨季时主要叮咬率上升，但未记录到感染性叮咬。在瓦萨杜（苏丹型稀树草原），观察到冈比亚按蚊复合组的具体构成存在很大差异，雨季以冈比亚按蚊为主，旱季阿拉伯按蚊通常更为常见。旱季时叮咬率和接种率最低（ma = 4次叮咬/人/夜；h = 0.07次感染性叮咬/人/夜），雨季时上升（ma：52次叮咬/人/夜；h = 1.6次感染性叮咬/人/夜）。这个村庄的居民每年大约会被冈比亚按蚊复合组叮咬63次、感染220次，主要发生在雨季的六个月和旱季初期。
