Peraino V A, Cross S A, Goldstein E J
Department of Microbiology, Saint John's Hospital and Health Center, Santa Monica, California 90404.
Clin Infect Dis. 1993 Jun;16 Suppl 4:S288-91. doi: 10.1093/clinids/16.supplement_4.s288.
The importance of performing anaerobic blood cultures on a routine basis has been questioned in recent reports; this prompted us to review data on episodes of anaerobic bacteremia that have occurred in our 350-bed community hospital. In 1991, 771 of 7,397 blood cultures yielded bacteria or fungi; 569 (7.7%) were true positive cultures, 35 (6.2%) of which yielded 48 anaerobic isolates from 20 patients. The charts of these patients were reviewed, and it was determined that 16 of the patients had significant anaerobic bacteremia. The outcome was fatal for seven (44%) of these 16 patients, including two who died before results were reported. The results of blood culture led to a change of antimicrobial therapy for nine (56%) of the 16 patients. The source of infection was obvious for 11 of the 16 patients, and 50% of patients were receiving antimicrobial agents active against anaerobes before culture results were obtained. Although anaerobic bacteremia is uncommon in our hospital, positive culture results often resulted in a change in antimicrobial therapy.
近期报告对常规进行厌氧血培养的重要性提出了质疑；这促使我们回顾了在我们拥有350张床位的社区医院发生的厌氧菌血症病例数据。1991年，7397份血培养中有771份培养出细菌或真菌；569份（7.7%）为真阳性培养物，其中35份（6.2%）从20名患者中培养出48株厌氧分离株。对这些患者的病历进行了回顾，确定其中16名患者患有严重的厌氧菌血症。这16名患者中有7名（44%）死亡，其中两名在结果报告前死亡。血培养结果导致16名患者中的9名（56%）抗菌治疗方案发生改变。16名患者中有11名感染源明显，50%的患者在获得培养结果前正在接受对厌氧菌有效的抗菌药物治疗。虽然厌氧菌血症在我院并不常见，但阳性培养结果常常导致抗菌治疗方案的改变。
