Sarna L
Cancer Pract. 1993 May-Jun;1(1):21-8.
Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer-related death for women in the United States, yet studies describing the experience of women living with lung cancer are nonexistent. A sample of 69 women with lung cancer described their symptom distress using the Symptom Distress Scale (SDS). The majority of the women (86%) had been diagnosed with primary or recurrent lung cancer within the 2 years previous, 78% had non-small-cell lung cancer, and 43% were currently receiving treatment. The most prevalent and most distressing symptoms included fatigue, frequent pain, and insomnia. Poor outlook, dyspnea, and appetite disruptions were other common distressing problems. Sixty-one percent of the subjects had two or more serious symptoms. Forty-one percent of those subjects with fatigue concurrently experienced frequent pain, and 31% had insomnia. Those with recurrent disease had significantly greater levels of distress (P = 0.03). Concurrent respiratory disease, previous chemotherapy, recurrent lung cancer, no surgical treatment, and low income were associated with a high level of symptom distress (P < 0.05). Treatment was not a significant factor relating to distress. Distress was strongly correlated to quality of life (r = 0.72, P < 0.001) and functional status (r = 0.71, P < 0.001). Poverty-level income was a weak predictor of distress among demographic and disease/treatment variables, accounting for 17% of the variance. Combined with recurrence, the model accounted for 26% of the variance.
肺癌是美国女性癌症相关死亡的首要原因，但目前尚无描述肺癌女性患者经历的研究。69名肺癌女性患者的样本使用症状困扰量表（SDS）描述了她们的症状困扰情况。大多数女性（86%）在之前两年内被诊断为原发性或复发性肺癌，78%患有非小细胞肺癌，43%目前正在接受治疗。最普遍且最令人困扰的症状包括疲劳、频繁疼痛和失眠。预后不良、呼吸困难和食欲紊乱是其他常见的困扰问题。61%的受试者有两种或更多严重症状。41%有疲劳症状的受试者同时还经常疼痛，31%有失眠症状。患有复发性疾病的受试者困扰水平显著更高（P = 0.03）。并发呼吸系统疾病、既往化疗、复发性肺癌、未接受手术治疗和低收入与高水平的症状困扰相关（P < 0.05）。治疗并非与困扰相关的显著因素。困扰与生活质量（r = 0.72，P < 0.001）和功能状态（r = 0.71，P < 0.001）密切相关。在人口统计学和疾病/治疗变量中，贫困水平收入是困扰的一个弱预测因素，占方差的17%。与复发因素相结合，该模型占方差的26%。
