Alexander N D, Cousens S N, Yahaya H, Abiose A, Jones B R
Guinness Ophthalmic Unit, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria.
Bull World Health Organ. 1993;71(3-4):361-6.
Described are two alternatives to the weighing of patients for assessing the dose of ivermectin for use in mass chemotherapy campaigns against onchocerciasis. The first method uses height to separate patients into four dosing categories (1/2, 1, 11/2 and 2 tablets), while the second involves estimating one of these dosing categories according to an individual's physical appearance, without making any measurements. Data for the height-based method were obtained from 6373 people who were taking part in a placebo-controlled trial of ivermectin in northern Nigeria. Use of an arbitrary trade-off of approximately 100 people "overdosed" for every person "underdosed" would lead to 0.5% of the population being underdosed by 1/2 tablet, 46.5% being dosed correctly, 51.7% being overdosed by 1/2 tablet, and 1.2% being overdosed by 1 tablet. The physical appearance approach involved three observers and 779 subjects. A total of 82% of the observers' estimates were "correct", with all the incorrect dosing deviating by only 1/2 tablet from the dose that the subjects should have received.
文中描述了两种替代患者称重的方法,用于评估在大规模治疗盘尾丝虫病化疗活动中使用的伊维菌素剂量。第一种方法是根据身高将患者分为四个给药类别(半片、1片、1.5片和2片),而第二种方法是根据个人的外貌估计这些给药类别之一,无需进行任何测量。基于身高的方法的数据来自尼日利亚北部参与伊维菌素安慰剂对照试验的6373人。使用一种任意的权衡,即每有一人“剂量不足”就约有100人“剂量过量”,会导致0.5%的人群剂量不足半片,46.5%的人给药正确,51.7%的人剂量过量半片,1.2%的人剂量过量1片。外貌评估方法涉及三名观察者和779名受试者。观察者的估计中共有82%是“正确的”,所有错误给药与受试者应接受的剂量仅相差半片。