Izmerov N, Tarasova L
Institute of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow.
Environ Res. 1993 Jul;62(1):172-7. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1993.1101.
Some results of multiple epidemiological, clinical, electroneurophysiological, and psychological studies that reveal different types of neurotoxicoses are presented in this work. Under conditions of present-day industry, when a worker is exposed to concentrations close to but below the maximum allowable concentrations, or MAC values, of toxic substances, acute neurotoxicoses rarely develop, occurring perhaps only in catastrophies. Acute intoxications may be accompanied by mass hysteria, which impedes etiological diagnosis and prognosis. Vegetative polyneuropathy is the most common type of chronic intoxication where central vegetative disorders sometimes precede the peripheral ones. Clear forms of intoxication caused by neurotrophic poisons show stable torpid development during subsequent phases of a disease despite the absence of contact with the toxicant.
本文介绍了多项流行病学、临床、神经电生理学和心理学研究的一些结果,这些研究揭示了不同类型的神经中毒。在当今工业条件下,当工人接触到接近但低于有毒物质的最大允许浓度(MAC值)时,急性神经中毒很少发生,可能仅在灾难中出现。急性中毒可能伴有群体性癔症,这会妨碍病因诊断和预后。植物性多神经病是最常见的慢性中毒类型,其中中枢植物性紊乱有时先于外周紊乱出现。由神经营养性毒物引起的明显中毒形式,在疾病的后续阶段显示出稳定的迟缓发展,尽管不再接触毒物。