Interaction of cutaneous stromal cells and gamma/delta T cell receptor (TcR)-positive cells. I. V gamma 5-gamma/delta TcR+ T cells migrating from organ-cultured murine skin proliferate by co-culture with cutaneous stromal cells in the presence of interleukin-2.

It has been reported that Thy-1+CD3+CD4-CD8- cells as well as Langerhans cells migrate from organ-cultured murine skin into culture medium. We examined whether these Thy-1+ populations of migrating cells were derived from Thy-1+ dendritic epidermal T cells (Thy-1+ DEC) and found that they were Thy-1+CD3+CD4-CD8-gamma/delta TcR+ (gamma delta+T) cells but did not express V gamma 5TcR, which was used by a vast majority of Thy-1+ DEC. Recently, a unique interaction between stromal cells and lymphohemopoietic progenitors has been reported in bone marrow and thymus. In this study, we established fibroblastoid cutaneous stromal cell (CSC) lines and clones from murine skin and examined the interaction between CSC and gamma delta+T cells. When these gamma delta+T cells were co-cultured with CSC, a marked proliferation of small lymphoid cells was observed only in the presence of interleukin (IL)-2. Neither CSC alone nor IL-2 alone could induce a similar proliferation. Flow cytometry revealed that they were Thy-1+CD3+CD4-CD8-gamma/delta TcR+ but V gamma 5TcR-. Analysis of the major segments of their TcR by polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that V gamma 1, V gamma 2, V gamma 4 and all of the V delta chains from V delta 1 to V delta 7 were used without any predominant pattern. These data indicate the possible presence of gamma/delta+T cells other than V gamma 5TcR+Thy-1+ DEC in the murine skin and the unique capacity of the CSC to support the growth of these migrating gamma/delta+ T cells. The nomenclature of murine T cell receptor gamma chain is according to Reilly et al. (Nature 1986. 321:878). The relationship between the different nomenclature systems is summarized in Takagi et al. (J. Immunol. 1989. 141:2112).