Büchler U
Abteilung für Handchirurgie, Universitätskliniken am Inselspital in Bern.
Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir. 1993 Jan;25(1):3-11.
This article is a comprehensive review on arthrogryposis multiplex congenita of the upper extremity. The introduction contains information on definition, etiology, pathogenesis, differential diagnosis and manifestations outside the upper extremity. The main section focuses on the upper limb and expands on epidemiology, patterns of deformity, their natural evolution, on related functional problems, and general principles of treatment. Finally, the various regional deformities are presented and guidelines are given for conservative or operative treatment.
本文是一篇关于先天性多发性关节挛缩症上肢病变的全面综述。引言部分包含了关于定义、病因、发病机制、鉴别诊断以及上肢以外表现的信息。主要部分聚焦于上肢，详述了流行病学、畸形模式、其自然演变、相关功能问题以及治疗的一般原则。最后，介绍了各种局部畸形，并给出了保守或手术治疗的指南。
