Miller W R, Benefield R G, Tonigan J S
Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131-1161.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1993 Jun;61(3):455-61. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.61.3.455.
To investigate the impact of counselor style, a 2-session motivational checkup was offered to 42 problem drinkers (18 women and 24 men) who were randomly assigned to 3 groups: (a) immediate checkup with directive-confrontational counseling, (b) immediate checkup with client-centered counseling, or (c) delayed checkup (waiting-list control). Overall, the intervention resulted in a 57% reduction in drinking within 6 weeks, which was maintained at 1 year. Clients receiving immediate checkup showed significant reduction in drinking relative to controls. The 2 counseling styles were discriminable on therapist behaviors coded from audiotapes. The directive-confrontational style yielded significantly more resistance from clients, which in turn predicted poorer outcomes at 1 year. Therapist styles did not differ in overall impact on drinking, but a single therapist behavior was predictive (r = .65) of 1-year outcome such that the more the therapist confronted, the more the client drank.
为了研究咨询师风格的影响，对42名问题饮酒者（18名女性和24名男性）提供了为期两阶段的动机检查，这些饮酒者被随机分为3组：（a）接受指导性对抗性咨询的即时检查，（b）接受以客户为中心咨询的即时检查，或（c）延迟检查（等待名单控制组）。总体而言，干预措施使6周内饮酒量减少了57%，并在1年内保持这一效果。接受即时检查的客户相对于对照组饮酒量显著减少。从录音带编码的治疗师行为来看，这两种咨询风格是可区分的。指导性对抗性风格导致客户产生了更多的抵触情绪，这反过来又预示着1年后的效果较差。治疗师风格对饮酒的总体影响没有差异，但一种治疗师行为可预测（r = 0.65）1年的结果，即治疗师对抗越多，客户饮酒越多。
