Stephens Robert S, Walker Robrina, Fearer Stephanie A, Roffman Roger A
Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, 890 Drillfield Drive, 109 Williams Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States of America.
Innovative Programs Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 909 NE 43(rd) St. Suite, 304, Seattle, WA 98105, United States of America.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2021 Jun;125:108269. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2020.108269. Epub 2020 Dec 28.
Some adult cannabis users report negative consequences of use but do not seek treatment. Nonjudgmental, brief interventions incorporating motivational interviewing techniques may be able to reach users who otherwise would not seek treatment and increase their motivation to change use. Previous studies have shown brief interventions with this population are efficacious in reducing use, but the absolute amount of change has not clearly translated into meaningful reductions in associated negative consequences. The current study used a marijuana check-up (MCU) model to attract nontreatment-seeking adults who used cannabis at levels that may have caused negative consequences. The study randomly assigned participants to 2-session (n = 93) and 6-session (n = 93) versions of the intervention and followed them for 12 months. The study designed the extended 6-session condition to build on the efficacy of the previously tested 2-session intervention. The study hypothesized that the opportunity to continue to consider the consequences of cannabis use would have the greatest impact on those who were in earlier stages of readiness for change. We used cognitive behavioral techniques to assist with change efforts when indicated. Results showed significant reductions in the frequency and daily duration of cannabis use at all follow-ups in both intervention conditions. The extended 6-session condition produced greater change only on a measure of the number of periods of the day in which cannabis was used. Reductions in dependence symptoms and problems related to cannabis use occurred in both conditions, but there was no effect of intervention condition. Participants who were less ready to make changes at the outset decreased use and negative consequences the least. Results suggested that some benefit of the extended session format of the check-up in reducing daily use, but the lack of a corresponding reduction in consequences suggested that the original 2-session MCU may be more cost effective.
一些成年大麻使用者报告了使用大麻带来的负面后果，但并未寻求治疗。采用动机性访谈技巧的无评判性简短干预可能会触及那些原本不会寻求治疗的使用者，并增强他们改变使用行为的动机。先前的研究表明，针对这一人群的简短干预在减少使用量方面是有效的，但绝对的使用量变化并未明显转化为相关负面后果的显著减少。当前的研究采用了大麻检查（MCU）模型，以吸引那些使用大麻的量可能已造成负面后果但未寻求治疗的成年人。该研究将参与者随机分配到两阶段（n = 93）和六阶段（n = 93）的干预组，并对他们进行了12个月的跟踪。该研究设计了延长的六阶段干预条件，以基于先前测试的两阶段干预的效果。该研究假设，继续思考大麻使用后果的机会对那些处于改变准备早期阶段的人影响最大。在有需要时，我们使用认知行为技巧来协助改变努力。结果显示，在两个干预组的所有随访中，大麻使用的频率和每日时长均显著降低。延长的六阶段干预组仅在一天中使用大麻的时间段数量这一指标上产生了更大的变化。两个干预组在依赖症状和与大麻使用相关的问题方面均有所减少，但干预条件没有产生影响。一开始不太愿意做出改变的参与者使用量和负面后果减少得最少。结果表明，检查的延长阶段形式在减少每日使用量方面有一些益处，但后果方面缺乏相应减少表明，最初的两阶段MCU可能更具成本效益。
