Bruno A, Nolte K B, Chapin J
Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque.
Neurology. 1993 Jul;43(7):1313-6. doi: 10.1212/wnl.43.7.1313.
Several sympathomimetic agents have been associated with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Ephedrine, a sympathomimetic drug that has a high potential for abuse and can be readily obtained without a prescription in unrestricted quantities, has rarely been associated with stroke. We report ephedrine-related stroke in three patients. One patient developed a thalamic infarct after ingesting known quantities of ephedrine as street-purchased "speed" for weight loss. Two patients had fatal intracranial hemorrhages after ingesting unknown quantities of ephedrine; one of them had a history of drug abuse, and one lacked a history of ephedrine use or drug abuse. Ephedrine appears to predispose to both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. The mechanisms responsible for the different cerebrovascular complications remain to be proven. Restriction of ephedrine availability should be considered.
几种拟交感神经药与缺血性和出血性卒中有关。麻黄碱是一种具有高度滥用潜力且无需处方就能轻易大量获取的拟交感神经药物，很少与卒中相关。我们报告了3例与麻黄碱相关的卒中病例。1例患者在摄入已知量的麻黄碱（作为从街头购买的“减肥药”）后发生丘脑梗死。2例患者在摄入未知量的麻黄碱后发生致命性颅内出血；其中1例有药物滥用史，另1例无麻黄碱使用或药物滥用史。麻黄碱似乎易导致缺血性和出血性卒中。导致不同脑血管并发症的机制仍有待证实。应考虑限制麻黄碱的可得性。
