Bennett B A, Hyde C E, Pecora J R, Clodfelter J E
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083.
Neurosci Lett. 1993 Apr 30;153(2):210-4. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(93)90324-e.
The psychostimulants cocaine and methamphetamine produce their euphoric effects through an interaction with the mesolimbic dopamine system. Methamphetamine, unlike cocaine, has been shown to be neurotoxic to both dopaminergic and serotonergic systems. We have previously determined that a 6 day exposure to methamphetamine causes neuronal damage to tyrosine hydroxylase-immunopositive cells in our tissue culture model of the mesencephalon. Over the same exposure period, cocaine neither impaired neuronal function nor altered dopamine cell survival. To test whether a longer exposure period to cocaine would alter dopamine function, we added cocaine (100 microM) to the cultures once daily for either 8 or 11 days and examined changes in dopamine uptake, cell survival and morphology 24 h after the last administration. Cocaine did not produce any signs of neurotoxicity in the mesencephalic cultures.
精神兴奋剂可卡因和甲基苯丙胺通过与中脑边缘多巴胺系统相互作用产生欣快感。与可卡因不同，甲基苯丙胺已被证明对多巴胺能和5-羟色胺能系统均具有神经毒性。我们之前已确定，在中脑的组织培养模型中，暴露于甲基苯丙胺6天会导致酪氨酸羟化酶免疫阳性细胞出现神经元损伤。在相同的暴露期内，可卡因既不损害神经元功能，也不改变多巴胺细胞的存活。为了测试延长可卡因暴露时间是否会改变多巴胺功能，我们每天向培养物中添加一次可卡因（100微摩尔），持续8天或11天，并在最后一次给药24小时后检查多巴胺摄取、细胞存活和形态的变化。可卡因在中脑培养物中未产生任何神经毒性迹象。
