Pontius B W
Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403.
Trends Biochem Sci. 1993 May;18(5):181-6. doi: 10.1016/0968-0004(93)90111-y.
The rate constants for macromolecular association reactions depend on the macromolecules involved and the solution conditions. The largest rate constants are for encounter-limited reactions, where association takes place whenever the associating macromolecules collide. Macromolecules that associate through specific binding sites often have much smaller rate constants. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the rate of association for complementary nucleic acid strands can be made encounter limited by attaching weakly associating, relatively unstructured polymeric domains to the nucleic acids involved. These results have led to a model suggesting that similar domains provide a general means of increasing rates of association for specific macromolecular binding partners, both in vivo and in vitro.
大分子缔合反应的速率常数取决于所涉及的大分子和溶液条件。最大的速率常数出现在扩散控制的反应中，即缔合大分子每次碰撞时都会发生缔合。通过特定结合位点缔合的大分子通常具有小得多的速率常数。最近，已经证明，通过将弱缔合、相对无结构的聚合物结构域连接到所涉及的核酸上，可以使互补核酸链的缔合速率受到扩散控制。这些结果导致了一个模型，表明类似的结构域为提高体内和体外特定大分子结合伴侣的缔合速率提供了一种通用方法。
