Heuer H
Institut für Arbeitsphysiologie, Universität Dortmund.
Z Exp Angew Psychol. 1993;40(1):72-102.
Subjects with different characteristics of the vergence system resting state (close or distant resting vergence, large and small increase upon depression of the eyes) worked with a VDU in a relatively high and a relatively low position for 1 1/2 hours. The directions of gaze were about -5 degrees and -35 degrees below the horizontal. A shorter observation distance was chosen with the lower VDU position than with the higher one, and it increased during the course of the work. In the high VDU position the increase was particularly strong for subjects with a distant resting vergence. The discrepancy between the angle of convergence during visual work and the resting vergence was larger in subjects with a distant resting vergence than in subjects with close one, and it was larger with the higher than with the lower VDU position (except in subjects with a minimal effect of eye depression on resting vergence). However, corresponding differences in visual fatigue as assessed by means of a questionnaire could not be found. Nevertheless the majority of subjects preferred the low VDU position. A number of additional consequences of a low VDU position support the conclusion that it would be advantageous for many users to tilt the display backward and to sink it below the level of the table surface.
具有不同聚散系统静息状态特征（近或远静息聚散、眼球下转时增大程度大或小）的受试者在VDU处于相对较高和相对较低位置的情况下工作1.5小时。注视方向在水平线下约-5度和-35度。与较高VDU位置相比，较低VDU位置选择的观察距离更短，且在工作过程中会增加。在较高VDU位置，远静息聚散的受试者增加尤为明显。远静息聚散的受试者在视觉工作期间的集合角度与静息聚散之间的差异大于近静息聚散的受试者，且较高VDU位置时的差异大于较低VDU位置时的差异（除了眼球下转对静息聚散影响最小的受试者）。然而，通过问卷评估的视觉疲劳方面未发现相应差异。尽管如此，大多数受试者更喜欢较低的VDU位置。较低VDU位置的一些其他影响支持这样的结论，即对许多用户来说，将显示器向后倾斜并使其低于桌面水平是有利的。
