Sakurai T, Homma S, Tabei K, Asano Y
Department of Nephrology, Jichi Medical School.
Nihon Rinsho. 1993 May;51(5):1310-6.
Hemofiltration is usually performed to patients with renal failure but is also an effective method for treating patients with congestive heart failure due to various causes such as hypotension, low cardiac output, oliguria and anasarca. By continuing 24hr a day at low blood flow rate, CAVH (Continuous Arteriovenous Hemofiltration) or CVVH (Continuous Venousvenous Hemofiltration) can remove the body fluid up to 500 ml/hr without much affecting systemic circulation. Successive management of body fluid even results in the recover of renal insufficiency due to decreased renal blood flow or drug overload. To perform hemofiltration safely, it is important to monitor the systemic circulation. Usually we monitor the diameter of IVC (Inferior vena cava) with ultrasonography thought the procedure the to detect changes in blood volume simultaneously.
血液滤过通常用于肾衰竭患者，但也是治疗因低血压、低心输出量、少尿和全身水肿等各种原因引起的充血性心力衰竭患者的有效方法。通过以低血流速率持续24小时进行，连续性动静脉血液滤过（CAVH）或连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过（CVVH）可以每小时清除多达500毫升的体液，而对全身循环影响不大。连续进行体液管理甚至可因肾血流量减少或药物过量导致的肾功能不全得以恢复。为了安全地进行血液滤过，监测全身循环很重要。通常我们在整个过程中通过超声检查监测下腔静脉（IVC）直径，以便同时检测血容量的变化。
