Cronberg S
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Lund, Malmö General Hospital, Sweden.
Genitourin Med. 1993 Jun;69(3):184-6. doi: 10.1136/sti.69.3.184.
Syphilis appeared in Sweden in 1497. It was recognized as a sexually transmitted disease that rapidly spread in the upper classes and later to the poor. It ravaged the country in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. At that time the concept of venereal disease included all sexually transmitted diseases. Preventive measures were introduced. They were based on information, medical intervention and elimination of risk factors. Registration of hospitalised patients was introduced in the eighteenth century. The highest incidence of syphilis occurred during the First World War. In the last decade the incidence of sexually transmitted disorders has abruptly decreased. Thus the yearly incidence of gonorrhoea has decreased from 40,000 to 500 cases. The law demands contact tracing with obligatory testing. People who deliberately expose others to risk may be condemned to isolation for an unrestricted time. This legislation has probably contributed less to the successful containment than the fact that information on aids and sexually transmitted diseases has reached all the population, and made it aware of the risks and produced changed behaviour, especially among prostitutes, homosexual men and drug addicts.
梅毒于1497年在瑞典出现。它被确认为一种性传播疾病，迅速在上层阶级中传播，后来蔓延到穷人中。在18世纪和19世纪，它肆虐了这个国家。当时，性病的概念包括所有性传播疾病。预防措施被引入。这些措施基于信息、医学干预和危险因素的消除。18世纪开始对住院患者进行登记。梅毒的发病率在第一次世界大战期间达到最高。在过去十年中，性传播疾病的发病率急剧下降。因此，淋病的年发病率已从4万例降至500例。法律要求进行接触者追踪并强制检测。故意使他人面临风险的人可能会被判处无期限隔离。这项立法对成功控制疫情的贡献可能不如艾滋病和性传播疾病的信息已普及到所有人群这一事实，该信息让人们意识到风险并改变了行为，尤其是在妓女、男同性恋者和吸毒者中。
