Walter H J, Vaughan R D
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
JAMA. 1993 Aug 11;270(6):725-30.
To evaluate the effectiveness of a teacher-delivered curriculum in favorably modifying acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)--related knowledge and beliefs, self-efficacy related to AIDS-preventive actions, and involvement in AIDS risk behaviors among an eligible population of 1316 New York City high school students.
Students in two pairs of demographically similar high schools were assigned to receive either a special six-lesson AIDS-preventive curriculum (intervention group) or no formal AIDS-preventive curriculum (comparison group).
Study participants were ninth- and 11th-grade students, 12 to 20 years of age (mean, 15.7 years), 41.5% male, and 72.1% black or Hispanic.
The special curriculum focused on conveying facts about AIDS, fostering theoretically derived beliefs favorable to AIDS prevention, and teaching skills necessary for the successful performance of AIDS-preventive behaviors.
AIDS-related knowledge, beliefs, self-efficacy, and behaviors were assessed among students in intervention and comparison groups at study baseline and at 3 months' follow-up.
Significant (albeit modest) effects favoring intervention were observed for knowledge, beliefs, self-efficacy, and risk behavior scores.
School-based AIDS-preventive curricula may play a role in curtailing transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus among multiethnic groups of urban adolescents; however, such curricula may need supplementation by a broader-based prevention effort to achieve substantial risk behavior change.
评估由教师授课的课程在积极改变1316名纽约市高中生这一合格人群中与获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）相关的知识和信念、与艾滋病预防行动相关的自我效能感以及参与艾滋病风险行为方面的有效性。
将两对人口统计学特征相似的高中学生分为两组，一组接受为期六周的艾滋病预防课程（干预组），另一组不接受正规的艾滋病预防课程（对照组）。
研究参与者为9年级和11年级学生，年龄在12至20岁之间（平均15.7岁），41.5%为男性，72.1%为黑人或西班牙裔。
特别课程侧重于传授有关艾滋病的事实，培养有利于艾滋病预防的理论信念，并教授成功实施艾滋病预防行为所需的技能。
在研究基线和随访3个月时，对干预组和对照组学生的艾滋病相关知识、信念、自我效能感和行为进行评估。
在知识、信念、自我效能感和风险行为得分方面，观察到有利于干预组的显著（尽管程度不大）效果。
以学校为基础的艾滋病预防课程可能在减少城市青少年多民族群体中人类免疫缺陷病毒的传播方面发挥作用；然而，此类课程可能需要通过更广泛的预防努力加以补充，以实现显著的风险行为改变。
