Abdel-Wahab M F, Strickland G T
Department of Tropical Medicine, Kasr El Aini Hospital, University of Cairo Faculty of Medicine, Egypt.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Mar-Apr;87(2):135-7. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(93)90459-4.
Abdominal ultrasound, which uses a pulse echo device to record reflected waves of a sound beam in 2 dimensions, has revolutionized the evaluation of schistosomal morbidity. It is relatively inexpensive, rapid, simple to perform and portable, causes no biological hazards to the subject and, because of its speed, is ideal for diagnosis and directing interventions, e.g., biopsies. Ultrasound complements or replaces intravenous pyelography, cystoscopy, endoscopy, liver biopsy, angiography and other invasive techniques for studying morbidity due to schistosomiasis. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound, in comparison to these other procedures, for detecting schistosomal lesions has been between 80% and 100%, with the exception of detection of hydroureter, ureteral calculi and calcified bladder. Ultrasound is the best method for measuring liver and spleen size and configuration; detecting and grading periportal fibrosis, portal hypertension, hydronephrosis and urinary bladder wall lesions; and for demonstrating renal and bladder stones.
腹部超声利用脉冲回声设备在二维平面记录声束的反射波，彻底改变了对血吸虫病发病率的评估。它相对便宜、操作快速、简便且便于携带，对检查对象无生物危害，而且由于其速度快，非常适合诊断和指导干预措施，如活检。超声补充或取代了静脉肾盂造影、膀胱镜检查、内窥镜检查、肝活检、血管造影以及其他用于研究血吸虫病发病率的侵入性技术。与这些其他检查方法相比，超声检测血吸虫病病变的灵敏度和特异性在80%至100%之间，但检测输尿管积水、输尿管结石和钙化膀胱除外。超声是测量肝脏和脾脏大小及形态、检测和分级门静脉周围纤维化、门静脉高压、肾积水和膀胱壁病变以及显示肾和膀胱结石的最佳方法。
