Amoury R A
Department of Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri 64108-4698.
World J Surg. 1993 May-Jun;17(3):363-73. doi: 10.1007/BF01658705.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a syndrome of diverse etiologies with a significant mortality rate affecting mostly prematurely born stressed infants. Now recognized as a discrete entity, it had been poorly defined because other conditions seem to represent the same entity. A number of risk factors have been identified that appear to "trigger" NEC, though these have been questioned because they have been present just as frequently in premature and older infants who did not develop NEC as in those that did. Recently, maternal cocaine use has been added to the suspected risk factors. A steady improvement in the survival of babies with NEC has been due largely to a high index of suspicion of the disease and early, aggressive medical management.
坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）是一种病因多样的综合征，死亡率很高，主要影响早产的应激状态婴儿。尽管现在已被确认为一种独立的疾病，但由于其他病症似乎也表现为同一疾病，所以它之前的定义并不明确。已经确定了一些似乎会“引发”NEC的风险因素，不过这些因素受到了质疑，因为在未患NEC的早产和足月婴儿中，这些因素出现的频率与患NEC的婴儿相同。最近，母亲使用可卡因也被列入可疑的风险因素。NEC患儿存活率的稳步提高很大程度上归功于对该疾病的高度怀疑指数以及早期积极的医疗管理。
