Heinig M J, Nommsen L A, Peerson J M, Lonnerdal B, Dewey K G
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95616-8669.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1993 Aug;58(2):152-61. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/58.2.152.
Intake and growth were compared between matched cohorts of infants either breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF) until > or = 12 mo of age. Total energy intake at 3, 6, 9, and 12 mo averaged 0.36, 0.34, 0.35, and 0.38 MJ.kg-1.d-1 (85.9, 80.1, 83.6, and 89.8 kcal.kg-1.d-1) among BF infants vs 0.41, 0.40, 0.39, and 0.41 MJ.kg-1.d-1 (98.7, 94.7, 93.6, and 98.0 kcal.kg-1.d-1) among FF infants, respectively. Protein intake was 66-70% higher in the FF than in the BF group during the first 6 mo. Differences in energy and protein intakes were significant at 3, 6, and 9 mo. Gains in weight and lean body mass were lower in BF than in FF infants from 3 to 9 mo. BF infants gained more weight and lean body mass per gram protein intake but not per megajoule intake. Although growth differences between groups were related to differences in intake, there is no evidence of any functional advantage to the more rapid growth of FF infants.
对母乳喂养（BF）或配方奶喂养（FF）至12月龄及以上的匹配婴儿队列的摄入量和生长情况进行了比较。在3、6、9和12月龄时，母乳喂养婴儿的总能量摄入量平均分别为0.36、0.34、0.35和0.38兆焦·千克⁻¹·天⁻¹（85.9、80.1、83.6和89.8千卡·千克⁻¹·天⁻¹），而配方奶喂养婴儿分别为0.41、0.40、0.39和0.41兆焦·千克⁻¹·天⁻¹（98.7、94.7、93.6和98.0千卡·千克⁻¹·天⁻¹）。在出生后的前6个月，配方奶喂养组的蛋白质摄入量比母乳喂养组高66 - 70%。在3、6和9月龄时，能量和蛋白质摄入量的差异具有统计学意义。在3至9月龄期间，母乳喂养婴儿的体重和瘦体重增加量低于配方奶喂养婴儿。母乳喂养婴儿每摄入1克蛋白质所增加的体重和瘦体重更多，但每摄入1兆焦能量所增加的体重和瘦体重并非更多。尽管两组之间的生长差异与摄入量差异有关，但没有证据表明配方奶喂养婴儿生长更快具有任何功能优势。
