White M C, Smith W
Department of Mental Health, Community, and Administrative Nursing, University of California, San Francisco.
Am J Infect Control. 1993 Jun;21(3):146-50. doi: 10.1016/0196-6553(93)90006-p.
The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of home care agencies, including the nature of care provided and the presence of infection control standards and education.
Study design was cross-sectional and descriptive; the survey of home health agencies included questions about agency type, nature of care delivered, and infection control policies and educational programs. The sample included all directors of home care agencies in northern California.
The response rate was 33.5%. Agency directors reported that 15.3% of their clients required high-technology nursing care; in response to a list of invasive procedures generally considered high in infection risk, more than 90% cared for urinary drainage devices, some categories of wound care, and intravenous management. Of those performing high-risk procedures, more than 75% had policies covering the procedures. Nearly all (87.7% to 100%) had policies on universal precautions, handwashing, handling of needles and sharps, and the cleaning and disinfection of equipment; however, nearly a quarter (24.6%) had no education program regarding the handling of contaminated equipment.
Among agencies responding to this survey, care that is considered high risk for infection is delivered and the agencies for the most part have infection control policies and educational programs. Research is needed to define more clearly infection control efforts in home health care. More work is needed to adapt the knowledge of infection control in hospitals to the home setting.
本研究旨在描述家庭护理机构的特征，包括所提供护理的性质以及感染控制标准和教育情况。
研究设计为横断面描述性研究；对家庭健康机构的调查包括有关机构类型、所提供护理的性质以及感染控制政策和教育项目的问题。样本包括北加利福尼亚所有家庭护理机构的主任。
回复率为33.5%。机构主任报告称，其15.3%的客户需要高科技护理；对于一份通常被认为感染风险较高的侵入性操作清单，超过90%的机构护理尿管引流装置、某些类型的伤口护理以及静脉管理。在进行高风险操作的机构中，超过75%有涵盖这些操作的政策。几乎所有机构（87.7%至100%）都有关于普遍预防措施、洗手、针头和锐器处理以及设备清洁和消毒的政策；然而，近四分之一（24.6%）的机构没有关于处理受污染设备的教育项目。
在回复本调查的机构中，提供了被认为感染风险较高的护理，并且这些机构大多有感染控制政策和教育项目。需要开展研究以更明确家庭健康护理中的感染控制工作。需要做更多工作将医院的感染控制知识应用于家庭环境。
