Werner S L, Fleisig G S, Dillman C J, Andrews J R
Biomechanics Lab, Penn State University, University Park.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1993 Jun;17(6):274-8. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1993.17.6.274.
By understanding pitching biomechanics, therapists can develop better preventive and rehabilitative programs for pitchers. The purpose of this study was to quantify and explain the joint motions, loads, and muscle activity that occur at the elbow during baseball pitching. Seven healthy, adult pitchers were examined with synchronized high-speed video digitization and surface electromyography. Elbow extension before ball release corresponded with a decrease in biceps activity and an increase in triceps activity. A varus torque of 120 Nm, acting to resist valgus stress, occurred near the time of maximum shoulder external rotation. Previous cadaveric research showed that the ulnar collateral ligament by itself cannot withstand a valgus load of this magnitude. Triceps, wrist flexorpronator, and anconeus activity during peak valgus stress suggests that these muscles may act as dynamic stabilizers to assist the ulnar collateral ligament in preventing valgus extension overload.
通过了解投球的生物力学原理，治疗师可以为投手制定更好的预防和康复计划。本研究的目的是量化并解释棒球投球过程中肘部出现的关节运动、负荷和肌肉活动。对七名健康的成年投手进行了同步高速视频数字化和表面肌电图检查。投球前肘部伸展与肱二头肌活动减少和肱三头肌活动增加相对应。在肩部最大外旋时，出现了一个120牛米的内翻扭矩，作用是抵抗外翻应力。先前的尸体研究表明，尺侧副韧带自身无法承受这种程度 的外翻负荷。在最大外翻应力时肱三头肌、腕屈肌-旋前肌和肘肌的活动表明，这些肌肉可能作为动态稳定器，协助尺侧副韧带防止外翻伸展过载。
