Moriya F, Noguchi T T, Ishizu H
Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Medical School, Japan.
Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi. 1993 Jun;47(3):250-6.
AIDS is the second leading cause of death among persons 25-44 years of age. The risk to patients from physicians and other health care workers with HIV infection has also become a great public concern. There are no specific procedures for infection control in AIDS. Universal precautions are applied to AIDS as well as to any other infectious diseases. Recommended universal infection control in autopsy room is as follows: 1. Wear protective masks and eyewear (or face shields), laboratory coats, gloves, and waterproof aprons; 2. Develop and consistently practice the skills necessary to avoid penetrating injuries; 3. Decontaminate instruments and work areas contaminated during postmortem procedures with a 1:10 dilution of common household bleach, whose active ingredient is sodium hypochlorite; 4. Dispose of waste contaminated with body fluids into a red trash can indicated "BIOHAZARD". In case of accident such as needlestick or cut during autopsy of HIV infected corpe, the person should have the HIV antibody test and start taking azidothymidine (AZT) within 24 hours.
艾滋病是25至44岁人群中的第二大死因。感染了艾滋病毒的医生和其他医护人员给患者带来的风险也已成为公众高度关注的问题。目前尚无针对艾滋病的具体感染控制程序。通用预防措施既适用于艾滋病，也适用于任何其他传染病。尸检室推荐的通用感染控制措施如下：1. 佩戴防护口罩和护目镜（或面罩）、实验室工作服、手套和防水围裙；2. 培养并始终如一地练习避免穿透性损伤所需的技能；3. 用活性成分是次氯酸钠的普通家用漂白剂按1:10的比例稀释后对尸检过程中被污染的器械和工作区域进行消毒；4. 将被体液污染的废物丢弃到标有“生物危害”的红色垃圾桶中。在对感染艾滋病毒的尸体进行尸检期间如发生针刺或割伤等意外，此人应进行艾滋病毒抗体检测，并在24小时内开始服用叠氮胸苷（AZT）。
