Hughes J M
Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Occup Med. 1989;4 Suppl:13-20.
We know that the risk to health-care workers of acquiring HBV infection in the health-care setting is greater than that of acquiring HIV infection. We know that blood is the primary concern and that the risk following needlestick injury or a cut involving exposure to blood from an HIV-infected individual is approximately 0.5%. We know that transmission can occur without such injuries, but that the risk of such transmission is lower than after a needlestick or cut. We know that many exposures are preventable and that new prevention strategies and technologies are needed. We need to know the risk of infection in groups of health-care workers with extensive blood exposures, whether alterations in the design of devices can reduce the risk of needlesticks and other injuries, and the optimal strategies for ensuring compliance with recommendations.
我们知道，医护人员在医疗环境中感染乙肝病毒的风险高于感染艾滋病毒的风险。我们知道血液是主要的关注点，针刺伤或涉及接触艾滋病毒感染者血液的伤口后的感染风险约为0.5%。我们知道，即使没有此类损伤也可能发生传播，但这种传播的风险低于针刺伤或割伤后的风险。我们知道许多暴露是可以预防的，并且需要新的预防策略和技术。我们需要了解有大量血液暴露的医护人员群体的感染风险，设备设计的改变是否可以降低针刺伤和其他损伤的风险，以及确保遵守建议的最佳策略。
