Fridman W H
INSERM Unit 255 Institut Curie, Paris, France.
Curr Opin Immunol. 1993 Jun;5(3):355-60. doi: 10.1016/0952-7915(93)90053-u.
Fc receptors are a family of membrane-associated and soluble glycoproteins that mediate a vast array of functions triggered by immune complexes. The structures of murine and human Fc gamma and Fc epsilon receptors have been elucidated and the motifs involved in the activities that they mediate characterized during the past year. B-cell activation and differentiation may be enhanced by different Fc receptor isoforms either through an increased presentation of antigen associated with IgG (Fc gamma RIIb2, Fc gamma RIII, Fc epsilon RII), or the induction of cytokine synthesis by mast cells (Fc epsilon RI, Fc gamma RIII) and natural killer cells (Fc gamma RIII). Conversely, the crosslinking of Fc gamma RIIb1 to membrane Ig inhibits B-cell activation. Soluble forms of Fc receptor also regulate antibody production by enhancing interleukin-4-induced IgE synthesis (Fc epsilon RII) or inhibiting IgG synthesis (Fc gamma R). Different structural motifs are responsible for the different biological activities of each Fc receptor isoform.
Fc受体是一类与膜相关的可溶性糖蛋白，介导由免疫复合物触发的大量功能。在过去一年中，已阐明了小鼠和人类Fcγ及Fcε受体的结构，并对它们介导的活性所涉及的基序进行了表征。不同的Fc受体异构体可能通过增加与IgG相关抗原的呈递（FcγRIIb2、FcγRIII、FcεRII），或通过肥大细胞（FcεRI、FcγRIII）和自然杀伤细胞（FcγRIII）诱导细胞因子合成来增强B细胞的活化和分化。相反，FcγRIIb1与膜Ig的交联会抑制B细胞活化。Fc受体的可溶性形式也通过增强白细胞介素-4诱导的IgE合成（FcεRII）或抑制IgG合成（FcγR）来调节抗体产生。不同的结构基序负责每种Fc受体异构体的不同生物学活性。
