Mancia G, Omboni S, Parati G, Sega R, Trazzi S
Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Universita di Milano, Ospedale S. Gerardo, Italy.
Am J Hypertens. 1993 Jun;6(6 Pt 2):233S-235S.
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) provides advantages for studies of the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs in addition to demonstrating antihypertensive effects in daily life conditions. For example, ABPM is devoid of the "white coat" effect and can thus more precisely estimate the relative proportion of responders and nonresponders to treatment. It also may reduce the study size because of the greater reproducibility of 24 h average blood pressure (BP) (as compared to clinic BP) and the lack of a substantial placebo effect, which eliminates the need for a placebo group. Some disadvantages exist, including the inability of automatic ABPM to consistently provide accurate BP readings and to estimate BP variability. Finally, hourly average BPs are less reproducible than their average 24 h counterpart, which may make it more difficult to statistically demonstrate an antihypertensive effect throughout the 24 h. Some of these disadvantages, however, may be reduced in the near future by new ABPM devices.
动态血压监测（ABPM）除了能在日常生活条件下显示降压效果外，还为抗高血压药物疗效的研究提供了优势。例如，ABPM没有“白大衣”效应，因此可以更精确地估计治疗反应者和无反应者的相对比例。由于24小时平均血压（BP）（与诊所血压相比）具有更高的可重复性，且不存在显著的安慰剂效应，无需设置安慰剂组，它还可能减少研究样本量。不过也存在一些缺点，包括自动ABPM无法始终提供准确的血压读数以及无法估计血压变异性。最后，每小时平均血压的可重复性低于其24小时平均值，这可能使得在24小时内从统计学上证明降压效果更加困难。然而，其中一些缺点可能会在不久的将来通过新型ABPM设备得到改善。
