Palmer M L, Hyndiuk R A
Department of Opthalmology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724.
Int Ophthalmol Clin. 1993 Winter;33(1):23-49. doi: 10.1097/00004397-199303310-00005.
Infectious keratitis is the most serious complication of contact lens use. Virtually all contact lens wearers are at risk. Initial therapy consists of frequent broad-spectrum fortified antibiotic drops after appropriate laboratory workup. Pseudomonas and Acanthamoeba species are the most important causes of contact lens-associated ulcers. Acanthamoeba keratitis produces significant ocular morbidity, and treatment is not always effective. Recent studies have provided new insights regarding the incidence, risk factors, and pathogenesis of contact lens-related infectious keratitis. Extended-wear soft contact lens wearers are at greatest risk. With our present understanding of the pathogenesis and risk factors of contact lens-related infectious keratitis, daily-wear schedules are strongly advised. Even under the best of lens care conditions, infectious keratitis may still occur. It is therefore imperative that patients be informed to remove their lenses and seek medical evaluation if any discomfort develops.
感染性角膜炎是使用隐形眼镜最严重的并发症。几乎所有隐形眼镜佩戴者都有风险。初始治疗包括在进行适当的实验室检查后频繁使用广谱强化抗生素滴眼液。铜绿假单胞菌和棘阿米巴属是与隐形眼镜相关溃疡的最重要病因。棘阿米巴角膜炎会导致严重的眼部病变,且治疗并不总是有效。最近的研究为隐形眼镜相关感染性角膜炎的发病率、危险因素和发病机制提供了新的见解。长时间佩戴软性隐形眼镜的人风险最大。基于我们目前对隐形眼镜相关感染性角膜炎发病机制和危险因素的理解,强烈建议采用日戴型佩戴方案。即使在最佳的镜片护理条件下,感染性角膜炎仍可能发生。因此,必须告知患者,如果出现任何不适,应摘下镜片并寻求医疗评估。