暴力自杀存在季节性差异，但非暴力自杀或杀人不存在季节性差异。
Seasonality in violent suicide but not in nonviolent suicide or homicide.
作者信息
Maes M, Cosyns P, Meltzer H Y, De Meyer F, Peeters D
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Cleveland, OH 44106.
出版信息
Am J Psychiatry. 1993 Sep;150(9):1380-5. doi: 10.1176/ajp.150.9.1380.
OBJECTIVE
Previous studies have reported seasonal or monthly variation in suicide. The present study was conducted in order to determine seasonality and other significant rhythms in violent and nonviolent suicide, alone and together, and homicide.
METHOD
Data on suicide, violent suicide, nonviolent suicide, and homicide (categorized according to ICD-9) for all of Belgium for the period 1979-1987 were analyzed by means of spectral analyses.
RESULTS
There was a significant seasonality for suicide but not homicide. Seasonality was present in violent but not in nonviolent suicide. The number of violent suicides increased with age and was more prominent in men. The violent suicide chronograms of younger and elderly persons were quite distinct in the occurrence of peaks in March-April and August, respectively, and lows in December-January. There was no significant relationship between violent suicide and homicide.
CONCLUSIONS
Seasonality in suicide is determined by significant circannual rhythms in violent suicides, which differ between younger and elderly persons.
目的
以往研究报告了自杀存在季节性或月度变化。本研究旨在确定暴力自杀与非暴力自杀单独及共同发生时的季节性及其他显著节律，以及杀人案件的情况。
方法
采用频谱分析方法，对1979 - 1987年比利时全国范围内所有自杀、暴力自杀、非暴力自杀及杀人案件（根据国际疾病分类第九版进行分类）的数据进行分析。
结果
自杀存在显著季节性，杀人案件则不存在。暴力自杀存在季节性，非暴力自杀不存在。暴力自杀的数量随年龄增长，在男性中更为突出。年轻人和老年人的暴力自杀计时图在3 - 4月和8月分别出现峰值，在12 - 1月出现低谷，二者情况截然不同。暴力自杀与杀人案件之间无显著关联。
结论
自杀的季节性由暴力自杀中显著的年周期节律决定，年轻人和老年人的节律有所不同。
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