Gray G D, Gill H S
Department of Animal Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Int J Parasitol. 1993 Jul;23(4):485-94. doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(93)90037-y.
Resistance to infection of mammalian hosts by parasites is under genetic control at many different levels: between species, between races, breeds and lines of single species and between individuals. These genetic effects have been described in many host-parasite systems. Here we review the interaction between three elements: host genes, parasites and the environment in which parasitic infections develop. Already livestock industries exploit genetic variation between breeds, particularly for the control of trypanosomiasis and tick infestation in cattle. In most populations, and to many diseases, resistance is heritable and selective breeding for resistance in commercial livestock species has been successful experimentally. Attempts at utilizing genetic variation are placed in the broad context of the coevolution of host and parasite, the limited knowledge we have of the mode of action of resistance genes and our ability to use genetic information to predict resistance to parasites.
物种之间、种族之间、单一物种的品种和品系之间以及个体之间。这些基因效应已在许多宿主 - 寄生虫系统中得到描述。在此，我们综述三个要素之间的相互作用：宿主基因、寄生虫以及寄生虫感染发生的环境。畜牧业已经在利用不同品种之间的基因变异，特别是用于控制牛的锥虫病和蜱虫侵扰。在大多数群体以及针对许多疾病的情况下，抵抗力是可遗传的，并且在商业家畜品种中进行抗寄生虫选择性育种在实验上已经取得成功。利用基因变异的尝试被置于宿主与寄生虫共同进化的广泛背景下，我们对抗病基因作用方式的了解有限，以及我们利用基因信息预测对寄生虫抵抗力的能力。
