Li L, Constantine N T, Zhang X, Smialek J E
University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Baltimore.
J Forensic Sci. 1993 Jul;38(4):798-805.
Evaluation of an FDA-licensed rapid assay to detect antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was accomplished by testing 414 serum samples collected sequentially from autopsy cases at the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, State of Maryland. The time of postmortem collection ranged from 8 to 30 hours. All samples were tested for the presence of antibodies to HIV using a rapid peptide microfiltration assay (SUDS HIV-1 test, Murex Corporation, Norcross, GA), and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Samples yielding repeatedly reactive results were confirmed by Western blot. Of the 414 specimens, 23 (5.6%) produced reactive results by both SUDS and ELISA, and were confirmed by Western blot. One additional sample was repeatedly reactive by ELISA but negative by the SUDS test. This sample produced an indeterminate profile by Western blot (reactivity to only p24) and was negative by several additional retroviral assays. Of the 23 HIV infected cases, 16 had risk factors for HIV infection; 19 were blacks and 18 were male. The SUDS, 10 minute test, exhibited a 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity in comparison to FDA-licensed ELISA and Western blot assays for detecting HIV antibody in autopsy serum specimens. We conclude that this rapid, simply performed assay is accurate and applicable for use in several testing situations, including autopsy rooms.
通过检测从马里兰州首席法医办公室的尸检病例中依次采集的414份血清样本，完成了一项对美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）许可的用于检测人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）抗体的快速检测方法的评估。死后采集时间为8至30小时。使用快速肽微滤检测法（SUDS HIV-1检测，Murex公司，佐治亚州诺克罗斯）和酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）对所有样本进行HIV抗体检测。对多次出现反应性结果的样本通过免疫印迹法进行确认。在414份标本中，有23份（5.6%）通过SUDS和ELISA检测均产生反应性结果，并经免疫印迹法确认。另外有一份样本ELISA多次出现反应性，但SUDS检测为阴性。该样本通过免疫印迹法产生不确定结果（仅对p24有反应性），并且通过其他几种逆转录病毒检测均为阴性。在23例HIV感染病例中，16例有HIV感染风险因素；19例为黑人，18例为男性。与FDA许可的ELISA和免疫印迹法相比，10分钟的SUDS检测在检测尸检血清标本中的HIV抗体时，灵敏度和特异性均为100%。我们得出结论，这种快速、操作简单的检测方法准确，适用于多种检测情况，包括尸检室。
