Anderson G S, Belton P, Kleider N
Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada.
J Med Entomol. 1993 Jul;30(4):657-63. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/30.4.657.
Six horses from British Columbia severely affected by Culicoides hypersensitivity, a seasonal dermatitis caused by the bites of Culicoides spp., were inoculated intradermally with extracts of six species or forms of Culicoides from British Columbia, United States, and Israel. Two native and four exotic species were thought to cause the disease in their own geographical area. The horses developed large welts within 20 min after injection of any of the six extracts, indicating an immediate (type I) reaction. The skin reactions caused by each extract peaked at or after 24 h, indicating an additional delayed (type IV) reaction. These reactions confirm that the reactions to the extracts were allergic in nature. The horses were physically irritated by each extract and developed transverse ridges in the injection area similar to those seen in natural cases of the disease, again indicating an allergic reaction. Previous studies showed that control horses injected with Culicoides extract showed only a small, short-term reaction, with no delayed component, no irritation, and no transverse ridge development, further indicating that the observed reactions were allergic in nature. The affected horses reacted to all extracts of Culicoides, despite the fact that they had not been previously exposed to most of the species, indicating that the allergen(s) was present in all the extracts tested.
来自不列颠哥伦比亚省的6匹马受到库蠓超敏反应的严重影响，这是一种由库蠓叮咬引起的季节性皮炎。给这些马皮内接种了来自不列颠哥伦比亚省、美国和以色列的6种库蠓物种或形态的提取物。两种本地物种和四种外来物种被认为在其各自的地理区域引发了这种疾病。在注射六种提取物中的任何一种后20分钟内，这些马身上出现了大片风疹块，表明发生了即刻（I型）反应。每种提取物引起的皮肤反应在24小时或24小时后达到峰值，表明还存在延迟（IV型）反应。这些反应证实了对提取物的反应本质上是过敏反应。每一种提取物都使这些马身体产生不适，并在注射部位出现了与该疾病自然病例中所见类似的横向纹路，再次表明是过敏反应。先前的研究表明，注射库蠓提取物的对照马只出现了轻微的短期反应，没有延迟成分，没有不适，也没有横向纹路出现，这进一步表明观察到的反应本质上是过敏反应。尽管这些患病马之前并未接触过大多数物种，但它们对所有库蠓提取物都有反应，这表明所有测试提取物中都存在过敏原。
