Wild C M, Shapiro L N, Abelin T
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1977 Jan;34(1):58-70. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1977.01770130060006.
Observers used automated methods to code who spoke to whom (Who-to-Whom) while families (mother, father, son) of 30 schizophrenics, 13 psychiatrically hospitalized nonschizophrenic controls, and 26 normal controls interacted on four tasks. From the Who-to-Whom data, measures of activity, channels of communication, and other variables were derived. Clear patterns of dominance were found in families of schizophrenics with fathers most and sons least active, while activity was more evenly distributed among family members in both control groups. The mother-son channel of communication was used more in both control groups than in families of schizophrenics. Differences on the Who-to-Whom measures were found among families of schizophrenic sons differing on premorbid, working and paranoid status, but social class had little effect.
在30名精神分裂症患者、13名因精神疾病住院的非精神分裂症对照者以及26名正常对照者的家庭(母亲、父亲、儿子)就四项任务进行互动时,观察者使用自动化方法对交谈对象(谁与谁交谈)进行编码。从“谁与谁交谈”的数据中,得出了活跃度、沟通渠道及其他变量的测量值。在精神分裂症患者家庭中发现了明显的主导模式,父亲最活跃,儿子最不活跃,而在两个对照组中,家庭成员间的活跃度分布更为均匀。与精神分裂症患者家庭相比,两个对照组中母子沟通渠道的使用更为频繁。在病前、工作及偏执状态不同的精神分裂症儿子的家庭中,“谁与谁交谈”测量值存在差异,但社会阶层影响不大。