Parving A, Starup K
Audiology. 1977 Jan-Feb;16(1):49-54.
In an attempt to study the relevance of ophthalmological changes to the diagnosis of cochlear hearing impairment due to fetal rubella infection, a survey of the literature combined with a clinical investigation was carried out. Based on the investigation of 57 patients, 31% had congenital hearing impairment due to fetal rubella infection. Of these patients, 61% had typical rubella retinal changes. In the remaining 69%, ophthalmoscopy revealed no abnormality, except in 1 patient. As the cause of the hearing impairment in this patient was unknown, it was concluded that the mother had suffered from subclinical rubella infection in the first trimester of her pregnancy. It is concluded that rubella retinitis is found with such a high incidence in rubella children that it can be used as a tool in the diagnosis of cochlear hearing impairment due to fetal rubella infection. Patients with congenital hearing impairment ought to undergo a routine ophthalmoscopy which will detect eventual pigmentary changes.
为研究眼科变化与胎儿风疹感染所致耳蜗性听力损害诊断的相关性，开展了一项文献综述及临床调查。基于对57例患者的调查，31%的患者因胎儿风疹感染患有先天性听力损害。在这些患者中，61%有典型的风疹视网膜改变。其余69%的患者，除1例患者外，眼底镜检查未发现异常。由于该患者听力损害的原因不明，得出结论认为其母亲在妊娠早期患有亚临床风疹感染。得出结论，风疹性视网膜炎在风疹患儿中的发病率如此之高，以至于它可作为诊断胎儿风疹感染所致耳蜗性听力损害的一种手段。先天性听力损害患者应接受常规眼底镜检查，以检测可能出现的色素变化。
