Dubin D, Häfner A W, Arndt K A
Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
Arch Dermatol. 1993 Sep;129(9):1121-9.
Analysis of the most frequently cited dermatology articles and the journals in which they appear identifies and emphasizes the impact of works of colleagues and predecessors, recognizes key advances in cutaneous medicine and surgery, and adds useful data about historical developments in dermatology. Use of citation analysis to examine the dermatologic literature reveals quantitative information about authors, articles, and journals helpful in identifying classic works and high-impact journals. We analyze the characteristics of all dermatology articles cited 100 or more times in one of the 10 most highly ranked clinical dermatology journals as indicated by the Institute of Scientific Information (Philadelphia, Pa) database from 1945 through 1990 and also discuss the standard and, as well, more recently described bibliometric indexes for dermatologic journals.
Thirty-one institutions located in 11 different countries produced 129 landmark articles. Ninety-two percent of the citation classics originated in the United States, United Kingdom, Sweden, and Germany. There were 16 authors with three or more top-cited articles. Fifty-two percent of the articles were of the clinical type, 22% were clinical review articles, and 26% discussed basic science topics. The mean number of authors has increased gradually over the past 80 years. The average classic article was published in 1969, peaked in popularity 9 years later with 26 peer citations, and received only 11 citations in 1990.
Citation frequency and citation analysis reveal useful and interesting information about scientific communication. The data on citation classics we describe can be interpreted in many ways, but certainly reflects the attention that articles have received over the past 48 years. The half-life of the average citation classic of about 10 years reflects the rapid pace of advances in the science and practice of dermatology over the past several decades. This information, along with current bibliometric indexes, may assist physicians in optimizing the time they spend reading the medical literature.
对最常被引用的皮肤科文章及其发表期刊进行分析，可识别并强调同行及前辈作品的影响力，认识皮肤医学与外科的关键进展，并补充有关皮肤科历史发展的有用数据。运用引文分析来审视皮肤科文献，可揭示有关作者、文章和期刊的定量信息，有助于识别经典作品和高影响力期刊。我们分析了科学信息研究所（宾夕法尼亚州费城）数据库中1945年至1990年期间排名前十的临床皮肤科期刊中被引用100次或以上的所有皮肤科文章的特征，并讨论了皮肤科期刊的标准以及最近描述的文献计量指标。
位于11个不同国家的31个机构发表了129篇具有里程碑意义的文章。92%的被引用经典文章来自美国、英国、瑞典和德国。有16位作者发表了三篇或更多篇被引用次数最多的文章。52%的文章属于临床类型，22%为临床综述文章，26%讨论基础科学主题。在过去80年里，作者的平均数量逐渐增加。平均每篇经典文章发表于1969年，9年后引用量达到峰值，有26次同行引用，而在1990年只获得了11次引用。
引用频率和引文分析揭示了有关科学交流的有用且有趣的信息。我们所描述的被引用经典文章的数据可以有多种解读方式，但肯定反映了这些文章在过去48年里受到的关注。平均被引用经典文章的半衰期约为10年，反映了过去几十年来皮肤科科学与实践进展的快速步伐。这些信息，连同当前的文献计量指标，可能有助于医生优化阅读医学文献所花费的时间。
