Ureteral function. IV. The urometrogram at increased urine output.

In this study the shape of the urometrogram or ureteral pressure pulse is evaluated as a function of urine output. Using a simultaneous monitoring technique, the urometrogram, spurt volume, and wave speed, as well as various aspects of wave geometry, have been studied on dogs with explanted bladders during various stages of urine output. The qualitative shape of the urometrogram is discussed for urine flows ranging from less than 0.01 ml per min to about 6 ml per min. An explanation of the shape of the urometrogram is presented and shown to be related to urine output and to length of the bolus. Preliminary experiments using mannitol, Lasix, Hypaque, and saline were all shown to induce similar changes in the shape of the urometrogram; however, the rate at which the changes occur was a function of the specific drug.