Spencer R C
Department of Bacteriology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
Eur J Haematol Suppl. 1993;54:6-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1993.tb01898.x.
The widespread use of indwelling catheters and successful antibiotic treatment of Gram-negative infections has led to an increase of Gram-positive infections in severely neutropenic patients; Staphylococcus epidermidis is predominant in these infections. The problems associated with the use of vancomycin in treating such infections can be overcome by the glycopeptide antibiotic teicoplanin. It is as effective as vancomycin, but does not cause "red man" syndrome, is uncommonly nephrotoxic, can be given as a rapid bolus once daily, and routine serum monitoring is not required. Other approaches to reducing catheter-related infections include improved training of personnel in catheter insertion and the development of new materials and methods in cannula production.
留置导管的广泛使用以及革兰氏阴性菌感染的成功抗生素治疗导致严重中性粒细胞减少患者革兰氏阳性菌感染增加；表皮葡萄球菌在这些感染中占主导地位。糖肽类抗生素替考拉宁可克服使用万古霉素治疗此类感染所带来的问题。它与万古霉素效果相当，但不会引起“红人”综合征，肾毒性罕见，可每日一次快速推注给药，且无需常规血清监测。减少导管相关感染的其他方法包括加强人员在导管插入方面的培训以及开发插管生产的新材料和新方法。
