McKay A C, Riley I T
Field Crops Pathology Unit, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Glen Osmond.
Aust Vet J. 1993 Jul;70(7):241-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1993.tb08038.x.
Most stock losses caused by annual ryegrass toxicity occur because stockowners unknowingly allow their stock to graze annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) infected with the bacterium Clavibacter toxicus. To help stockowners avoid losses we have developed criteria for a testing service to determine the risk of poisoning before the pasture is grazed. Low, medium and high risk categories were selected using samples of dry, mature ryegrass seedheads collected by stockowners from untreated, infected pastures in South Australia. The proportion of toxic paddocks in each risk category over all the seasons tested was 11%, 32% and 76%, respectively, and these accounted for 7%, 14% and 79% of total stock losses. The proportion of paddocks in which stock were poisoned did not vary significantly between years, was not affected by variation in sample weight, and did not vary between South Australia and Western Australia.
大多数由一年生黑麦草毒性导致的牲畜损失，是因为牲畜所有者在不知情的情况下，让他们的牲畜啃食感染了有毒棒状杆菌（Clavibacter toxicus）的一年生黑麦草（Lolium rigidum）。为帮助牲畜所有者避免损失，我们制定了一项检测服务标准，以便在牧场放牧前确定中毒风险。低、中、高风险类别是使用牲畜所有者从南澳大利亚未经处理的受感染牧场采集的干燥、成熟黑麦草种子头样本选定的。在所有测试季节中，每个风险类别中有毒牧场的比例分别为11%、32%和76%，这些分别占牲畜总损失的7%、14%和79%。牲畜中毒的牧场比例在不同年份之间没有显著差异，不受样本重量变化的影响，在南澳大利亚和西澳大利亚之间也没有差异。
