Bruckart J E, McEntire B J, Licina J R, Brantley D K, Shanahan D F
U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, Fort Rucker, AL 36362-5292.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1993 Aug;64(8):755-9.
The most common cause of death in helicopter accidents is head injury. Flight helmets can be designed to distribute and attenuate crash forces to the head. Experience derived from crashes using the U.S. Army SPH-4 flight helmet has led to modifications to improve protection. Within the past year, the Army has introduced the SPH-4B flight helmet which includes several new features to reduce injury in future mishaps. The first SPH-4B flight helmet recovered from a fatal mishap is described and correlated with the injuries to the wearer. The new shell and liner reduced the impact forces to the head. There were no side impacts to determine the performance of the crushable earcups in the helmet. The new SPH-4B flight helmet has several new and distinctive features that should improve survival in future helicopter crashes. Careful study of life support equipment retrieved from crashes is important to understand how the equipment performs in the crash environment.
直升机事故中最常见的死亡原因是头部受伤。飞行头盔的设计目的是将碰撞力分散并减弱至头部。使用美国陆军SPH - 4飞行头盔的坠机事故经验促使了改进措施以增强防护。在过去一年里，陆军推出了SPH - 4B飞行头盔，它具备多项新特性，旨在减少未来事故中的伤亡。本文描述了首个从致命事故中找回的SPH - 4B飞行头盔，并将其与佩戴者的受伤情况相关联。新的外壳和衬里降低了对头部的冲击力。此次事故没有侧面撞击，因此无法确定头盔中可压碎耳罩的性能。新型SPH - 4B飞行头盔具有多项新颖独特的特性，有望提高未来直升机坠毁事故中的生存率。仔细研究从事故中找回的生命支持设备，对于了解该设备在坠机环境中的性能表现至关重要。
