Landrø N I, Orbeck A L, Rund B R
Institute of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
Schizophr Res. 1993 Jun;10(1):85-92. doi: 10.1016/0920-9964(93)90080-3.
Memory impairment has been reported among schizophrenics in several studies. There are a number of uncertainties in interpreting such deficits. The present study examined short- and long-term verbal memory in schizophrenic patients (n = 30), affectively distributed patients (n = 18) and normal controls (n = 18). Schizophrenics showed a significant decrease in memory test performance, compared with both normal controls and other psychiatric patients. Chronic schizophrenics seem to be characterized by qualitatively different memory functioning compared with non-chronic subjects. In a free recall task chronic subjects showed significantly decreased performance for the initial (primacy) and final (recency) items. Memory functioning was not correlated with performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. This could indicate a selective cognitive dysfunction of an amnesic nature in chronic schizophrenics.
多项研究报告称精神分裂症患者存在记忆障碍。在解释此类缺陷方面存在诸多不确定性。本研究考察了精神分裂症患者（n = 30）、情感障碍患者（n = 18）和正常对照组（n = 18）的短期和长期言语记忆。与正常对照组和其他精神科患者相比，精神分裂症患者在记忆测试中的表现显著下降。与非慢性患者相比，慢性精神分裂症患者的记忆功能似乎具有质的不同。在自由回忆任务中，慢性患者在初始（首位）和最终（近因）项目上的表现显著下降。记忆功能与威斯康星卡片分类测验的表现无关。这可能表明慢性精神分裂症患者存在选择性失忆性质的认知功能障碍。
