新发精神病的神经心理学及工作记忆在情景记忆编码中的作用。
The neuropsychology of emerging psychosis and the role of working memory in episodic memory encoding.
作者信息
Pflueger Marlon O, Calabrese Pasquale, Studerus Erich, Zimmermann Ronan, Gschwandtner Ute, Borgwardt Stefan, Aston Jacqueline, Stieglitz Rolf-Dieter, Riecher-Rössler Anita
机构信息
Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Basel Psychiatric Clinics, Basel, Switzerland.
Division of Molecular and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
出版信息
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2018 May 10;11:157-168. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S149425. eCollection 2018.
BACKGROUND
Episodic memory encoding and working memory (WM) deficits are among the first cognitive signs and symptoms in the course of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, it is not clear whether the deficit pattern is generalized or specific in nature. We hypothesized that encoding deficits at an early stage of the disease might be due to the more fundamental WM deficits.
METHODS
We examined episodic memory encoding and WM by administering the California Verbal Learning Test, a 2-back task, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in 90 first-episode psychosis (FE) patients and 116 individuals with an at-risk mental state for psychosis (ARMS) compared to 57 healthy subjects.
RESULTS
Learning progress, but not span of apprehension, was diminished to a similar extent in both the ARMS and the FE. We showed that this was due to WM impairment by applying a structural equation approach.
CONCLUSION
Thus, we conclude that verbal memory encoding deficits are secondary to primary WM impairment in emerging psychosis.
背景
情景记忆编码和工作记忆（WM）缺陷是精神分裂症谱系障碍病程中最早出现的认知症状之一。然而，尚不清楚这种缺陷模式本质上是普遍存在的还是特定的。我们假设疾病早期的编码缺陷可能归因于更基本的工作记忆缺陷。
方法
我们通过对90名首发精神病（FE）患者、116名有精神病风险精神状态（ARMS）个体以及57名健康受试者进行加利福尼亚言语学习测验、一个2-back任务和威斯康星卡片分类测验，来检查情景记忆编码和工作记忆。
结果
ARMS组和FE组的学习进展，但不是领会广度，都有相似程度的降低。我们通过应用结构方程方法表明这是由于工作记忆损害所致。
结论
因此，我们得出结论，在新发精神病中，言语记忆编码缺陷是原发性工作记忆损害的继发表现。
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