Shepro D, Morel N M
Laboratory for Microvascular Research, Boston University, Massachusetts 02215.
FASEB J. 1993 Aug;7(11):1031-8. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.7.11.8370472.
Endothelial cells are the primary physical barrier between blood and tissue in microvessels. The other capillary and post-capillary venule wall cell is the pericyte. The literature on the biology of endothelium is appreciable but less is known about pericytes. Pericytes are morphologically, biochemically, and physiologically heterogeneous. Some of pericyte functional characteristics observed in vivo and in vitro are that they: regulate endothelial proliferation and differentiation; contract in manners that either exacerbate or stem endothelial cell junctional inflammatory leakage; function as a progenitor cell; synthesize and secrete a wide variety of vasoactive autoregulating agonists; synthesize and release structural constituents of the basement membrane and extracellular matrix. Pericytes are also involved in specific microvascular diseases. This review focuses principally on nonmesangial pericytes and specific activities such as the posttranslational, short-term responses that affect microvascular perfusion and permeability, and on pericyte-endothelial cell interaction.
内皮细胞是微血管中血液与组织之间的主要物理屏障。毛细血管和毛细血管后微静脉壁的另一种细胞是周细胞。关于内皮生物学的文献颇多，但对周细胞的了解较少。周细胞在形态、生化和生理方面具有异质性。在体内和体外观察到的周细胞的一些功能特性包括：调节内皮细胞的增殖和分化；以加剧或阻止内皮细胞连接炎症渗漏的方式收缩；作为祖细胞发挥作用；合成并分泌多种血管活性自调节激动剂；合成并释放基底膜和细胞外基质的结构成分。周细胞也参与特定的微血管疾病。本综述主要关注非系膜周细胞以及影响微血管灌注和通透性的翻译后短期反应等特定活动，以及周细胞与内皮细胞的相互作用。
