Overstall P W, Exton-Smith A N, Imms F J, Johnson A L
Br Med J. 1977 Jan 29;1(6056):261-4. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6056.261.
Two hundred and forty-three elderly people aged 60 to 96 years were questioned about their falls, and their sway was measured. For comparison sway was also measured in 63 younger subjects. Sway increased with age and was higher in women at all ages. There was no difference in sway between those with no history of falls and those who fell only because of tripping. In both sexes sway was significantly increases in people who fell because of loss of balance and in women whose falls were due to giddiness, drop attacks, turning the head, and rising from bed or a chair. This suggests that there is a physiological decline in postural control with advancing age and also a decline due to disease of the central nervous system.
对243名年龄在60至96岁的老年人进行了关于跌倒情况的询问，并测量了他们的身体摇摆情况。作为对照，也对63名较年轻的受试者进行了身体摇摆测量。身体摇摆随年龄增长而增加，且在各年龄段女性中均更高。无跌倒史者与仅因绊倒而跌倒者的身体摇摆情况没有差异。在男性和女性中，因失去平衡而跌倒者以及因头晕、猝倒、转头、从床上或椅子上起身而跌倒的女性，其身体摇摆均显著增加。这表明随着年龄增长，姿势控制存在生理衰退，同时中枢神经系统疾病也会导致衰退。
